Educational institutions and public areas were partially or fully closed in many jurisdictions, and events were cancelled or postponed during 20. Reduced human activity led to an unprecedented decrease in pollution. Widespread supply shortages, including food shortages, were caused by supply chain disruptions and panic buying. The pandemic caused severe social and economic disruption around the world, including the largest global recession since the Great Depression. Common mitigation measures during the public health emergency included travel restrictions, lockdowns, business restrictions and closures, workplace hazard controls, mask mandates, quarantines, testing systems, and contact tracing of the infected. Treatments include novel antiviral drugs and symptom control. ĬOVID-19 vaccines were widely deployed in various countries since December 2020. Mutations have produced many strains (variants) with varying degrees of infectivity and virulence. Transmission of the virus is often through airborne particles. As of 6 October 2023, the pandemic had caused 771,150,460 cases and 6,960,770 confirmed deaths, ranking it fifth in the deadliest epidemics and pandemics in history.ĬOVID-19 symptoms range from asymptomatic to deadly, but most commonly include fever, nocturnal cough, and fatigue. The World Health Organization (WHO) declared the outbreak a public health emergency of international concern (PHEIC) on 30 January 2020. Attempts to contain it there failed, allowing the virus to spread to other areas of Asia and later worldwide in 2020. The novel virus was first identified in an outbreak in the Chinese city of Wuhan in December 2019. The COVID-19 pandemic, also known as the coronavirus pandemic, is a global pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).
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